_mofo do you know your weapons
Epsiode 3 by AZsithlord_mofo
Assault rifles
"have had some experiance with Assault weapons, limited from my service time and tagging along with dads coworkers and friends.
M16a1, M16a2, FN-FAL, SKS, M-1 Garand, M14, Mini-14 GB rifle and the civilian version of the SCAR.
All have been fun to shoot, and easy to use with the exception of the FAL, that was a beast to handle and it kicked like a mule... worse than the M60..."
Assault
rifles are primary offensive
weapons of modern troops. Today's AR (Assault Rifles) usually have calibers
ranging from 5.45mm to 7.62mm, magazine capacity of 20-30 or more rounds,
selective
full auto and single
shot modes of fire, plus, in some models, 2 or 3 round burst mode. Effective
range of fire is some 600 meters or so; effective rate of fire - up to 400-500
rounds per minute in full auto mode. Many assault rifles shown here are, in
fact, parts of whole families of assault firearms (from short carbines to light
machineguns - Steyr AUG is a good example). Almost all AR's may be equipped with
bayonet, optical or Night Vision scope/sight and, some of them, with underbarrel
grenade launcher or
rifle grenade launcher (rifle
grenades usually are put on the barrel and fired with a blank
cartridge). Todays trends in AR
design are wide usage of hardened plastics and lightweight alloys and built-in
holographic (collimator) or optical scopes with magnitfication of 1X to 4-6X
(usually 1X or 1.5-3X).
Most of the worlds' recent assault rifles are
designed in bull-pup configuration. This means that buttplate is attached
directly to the receiver and handle with the trigger placed ahead of the
magazine veil. The only major countries that still stick to conventional AR
design are Germany (their latest G36 looks a little bit more 'conservative',
comparing to Austrian AUG or latest Israeli Tavor), and Russia, where latest ARs
are developed in both 'classic' (AN-94, AK-10x) and 'bull-pup' (Groza OC-14)
styles.
The history of the concept of the assault rifle
started in the early 1910's, when the famous Russian armorer, col. Fedorov
designed a small-bore selective-fire rifle with detachable box magazine.
Initially, Fedorow designed a brand new small-caliber 6.5mm cartridge for his
rifle, but, due to WW1, switched to the Japanese 6.5mm Arisaka load, which was
less powerful than the Russian 7.62x54R and available in quantity. This rifle
was aquired by the Russian
army in small numbers in 1916 and
served (in very limited quantities though) with the Russian and Soviet (Red)
Army up to 1925. While the design of the selective-fire rifle was not unique for
that time, the concept of the "lightened" cartridge, more suitable for full-auto
fire, was new. Also, col.Fedorov invented the idea of infantry weapons families
(assault rifle, light machinegun, medium machinegun, vehicle and/or aircraft
mounted MGs) based on the same actions and receivers.
The next step in this history was made by Germany
- in the 1930's, theybegan research to develop a medium-power cartridge, which
would be much lighter than 7.92mm German and easier to fire accurately in
full-auto mode. This development led to the 7.92x33mm cartridge (Pistolenpatrone
7.92mm). The Germans developed some weapons designs for this load, including the
MP43 and Stg.44, but this was too late for Germany... Further development of
such designs was made by German engineers in Spain, and later in West Germany,
and led to the HK G3/G41 family of battle&assault rifles.
The United States also put in some effort to this
idea, and before WW2 developed a special less-than-medium powered cartridge
.30Carbine and a rifle for this cartridge - a so-called "baby-Garand" in
semi-auto M1 and selective-fire M2.
But the largest stride forward was made by the
USSR, when, in 1943, the Soviet Army adopted a new cartridge - the 7.62x39mm
medium-power load. In 1945 , the Soviet Army adopted the semi-auto SKS rifle in
this chambering, and, in 1947 - the AK (known for the West as AK-47). The AK was
Worlds' first sucessful assault rifle, and one of the most widely used. The Last
major step on this road was made by US again - in the late 1950's, the US Army
adopted a new (for the US) concept of military selective-fire rifle using a
small-caliber cartridge. The first of such weapons adopted was the Armalite
AR15/Colt M16, designed by Eugene Stoner. This adoption lately set the new world
trend for small-caliber (5.45-5.56mm / .22in.) high-velocity cartridges.
All further research and development, such as
caseless ammunition, multiple-bullet or sabot cartridges, etc., still haven't
produced any practical results.
"_mofo let me know if you all have any requests for coverage on the next episode"